ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ СТАНДАРТ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ

СОСУДЫ, РАБОТАЮЩИЕ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ

Часть 2 Материалы

ПАСУД31НЫ, ПРАЦУЮЧЫЯ ПАД Ц1СКАМ

Частка 2 Матэрыялы

(EN 13445-2:2009, ЮТ)

Издание официальное

(SB

УДК 621,642.-98(083.74)(476)    МКС 23.020.30    КП    03    ЮТ

Ключевые слова: сосуды, работающие под давлением, материалы

Предисловие

Цели, основные принципы, положения по государственному регулированию и управлению в области технического нормирования и стандартизации установлены Законом Республики Беларусь «О техническом нормировании и стандартизации».

1    ПОДГОТОВЛЕН ПО УСКОРЕННОЙ ПРОЦЕДУРЕ научно-производственным республиканским унитарным предприятием «Белорусский государственный институт стандартизации и сертификации» (БелГИСС)

ВНЕСЕН Госстандартом Республики Беларусь

2    УТВЕРЖДЕН И ВВЕДЕН В ДЕЙСТВИЕ постановлением Госстандарта Республики Беларусь от 27 ноября 2009 г. № 61

3    Настоящий стандарт идентичен европейскому стандарту EN 13445-2:2009 Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials (Сосуды, работающие под давлением. Часть 2. Материалы).

Европейский стандарт разработан техническим комитетом по стандартизации CEN/TC 54 «Сосуды, работающие под давлением» Европейского комитета по стандартизации (CEN).

Перевод с английского языка (еп).

Официальные экземпляры европейского стандарта, на основе которого подготовлен настоящий государственный стандарт, и европейских стандартов, на которые даны ссылки, имеются в Национальном фонде ТИПА.

Степень соответствия - идентичная (ЮТ)

4    ВВЕДЕН ВПЕРВЫЕ

© Госстандарт, 2010

Настоящий стандарт не может быть воспроизведен, тиражирован и распространен в качестве официального издания без разрешения Госстандарта Республики Беларусь

Издан на русском языке

СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

4.2 Special provisions

4.2.1 Special properties

4.2.1.1    General

extent that would adversely affect the safety or service life of the pressure vessel, this shall be taken into consideration when specifying material.

Adverse effects may arise from:

—    manufacturing processes: e g. degree of cold forming and heat treatment;

—    operating conditions: e.g. hydrogen embrittlement, corrosion, scaling and ageing behaviour of the material after cold forming.

4.2.1.2 Lamellar tearing

Where lamellar tearing due to the joint design and loading needs to be addressed, steels shall be used which have improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface and verified in accordance with EN 10164:2004.

NOTE For guidance see EN 1011-2.

4.2.2 Design temperature above 20 °C

4.2.2.1    A material shall only be used for pressure parts within the range of temperatures for which the material properties required by EN 13445-3:2009 are defined in the technical specification for the material. If the technical delivery condition does not contain the specific material values required for the allowable temperature rathe values required in EN 13445-3:2009 for the design shall be determined by linear interpolation between the two adjacent values. Values shall not be rounded up.

For other than austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steels, the specified value of R_etl (R_v0|2) at room temperature (RT) may be used for temperatures less than or equal to 50 °C. Interpolation between 50 °C and 100 °C shall be performed with the values of RT and 100 °C and using 20 °C as the starting point for interpolation. Above 100 °C linear interpolation shall be performed between the tabulated values given in the table.

4.2.2.2    As the impact properties may be affected by long or frequent holding of the material at elevated temperatures, it is presupposed that the temperatures and periods of exposure to elevated temperatures be recorded for review during in-service inspection. The influence of such exposure upon the lifetime expectancy shall be estimated and recorded.

For operations such as drying and cleaning of pressure vessels, steels with specified low temperature properties but without elevated temperature 0,2 % proof strength values may however be used at elevated temperatures for drying and cleaning processes provided that the values of 0,2 % proof strength used in design calculations for elevated temperatures shall be obtained by multiplying the specified minimum yield strength values at 20 °C by the factor given in Table 4.2-1.

8

Table 4.2-1 — Yield strength reduction factors for low temperature steels

Steel 100 °C Tempe 200 °C •ature T 250 °C 300 °C Quenched and tempered 0,75 0,68 0,64 0,60 Normalised orthermomechanically treated 0,70 0,58 0,53 0,48

Interpolation shall be carried out as in 4.2.2.1.

4.2.3 Prevention of brittle fracture

The requirements in Annex В shall apply.

4.2.4.1 Creep properties of base material

For interpolation and extrapolation of creep properties given in the materials standard, see EN 13445-3:2009, Clause 19.

When creep properties are not available from a materials standard, they shall be determined using EN 10291:2000.

4.2.4.2    Creep properties of weldments

Creep properties of weld joints subjected to stresses normal to the weld can differ significantly from those of the base material.

For the design of vessels in the creep range, this is taken into account in EN 13445-3:2009 by making use of a weld creep strength reduction factor z_c obtained from tests on weldments. If no data are available, a default value of z_c is used.

An acceptable method to determine z_c by cross-weld tests is given in Annex C (see also [17]).

4.2.5 Specific requirements for steels for fasteners

Fasteners include bolts, studs and nuts.

Free cutting steel shall not be used. Bolting made of carbon steel or Ni alloy ferritic steel with > 3,5 % nickel shall not be used above 300 °C.

The specified minimum tensile strength of bar material of ferritic and martensitic steel for bolts shall not exceed 1 000 MPa. The minimum elongation of bar material after fracture shall be at least A₅ = 14 %.

Impact requirements for ferritic and martensitic steels are specified in B.2.2.4.

Bolt material with a design temperature below - 160 °C shall be impact tested at - 196 °C.

Hydrogen embrittlement, fatigue or relaxation properties shall be taken into account where appropriate.

9

СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

NOTE 1 Detailed requirements on the surface condition and internal soundness of the bar can be necessary for some applications.

NOTE 2 Materials for fasteners compliant with the requirements of this standard should be certified on the basis of EN 10204:2004.

4.3 Technical delivery conditions

4.3.1    European Standards

The European Standards for plates, strips, bars, tubes, forgings and castings for pressure purposes shall be used.

NOTE 1 Table E.2-1 provides an overview on materials for pressure purposes specified in harmonised standards.

NOTE 2 Table E.1-1 contains an informative summary of European Materials Standards referred to and of European Standards covering components of pressure-bearing parts.

Special provisions due to fabrication and operation shall be taken into account, if appropriate.

4.3.2    European Approval for Materials

A material specified in an EMDS for pressure vessels shall only be used within its range of application and if 4.1 and 4.2 have been taken into consideration.

4.3.3    Particular material appraisals

Materials other than those specified in 4.3.1 and 4.3.2 may also be used provided that they have been undergone a particular material appraisal and if 4.1 and 4.2 have been taken into consideration.

4.3.4    Clad products

Technical delivery conditions for clad products for pressure parts shall be in accordance with the requirements of Annex D.

NOTE 1 European Standards specifying technical delivery conditions for clad products for pressure purposes are not currently available.

NOTE 2 Examples of national documents covering technical delivery condition for clad steels are given in [2] to [4].

4.3.5    Welding consumables

Technical delivery conditions for welding consumables used of pressure parts and attachments to pressure parts shall be in accordance with EN 13479:2004 and EN 12074:2000.

NOTE Equivalent national/international specifications are accepted which fulfil the same criteria with respect to the requirements for the Quality Assurance System and the requirements for manufacture, supply, distribution, test methods and evaluation of consumables.

4.4 Marking

The marking of the products or delivery units shall ensure traceability between the product or delivery unit and the inspection documents.

10

СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

For European standardised materials the marking shall fulfil the requirements of the relevant product standard.

For materials not contained in a European Standard the marking shall at least contain:

—    the material specification (reference, material designation);

—    the manufacturers name or mark;

—    the stamp of the inspection representative, if applicable.

For material supplied with specific inspection the marking shall include an identification which permits the correlation between the product or delivery unit and the relevant inspection document.

5 Requirements for materials to be used for non-pressure parts

For non-pressure parts, e.g. for supporting lugs, skirts, baffles and similar parts welded to pressure vessels, material shall be used which are supplied to material specifications covering at least requirements for the chemical composition and the tensile properties. These materials shall not limit the operating conditions of the material to which they are attached.

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

Annex A

(normative)

Grouping system for steels for pressure equipment

Steels shall be grouped as shown in Table A-1. The figures given in group 1 are referring to the ladle analysis of the materials. The figures given in group 4 to 10 are based on the element content used in the designation of the alloys.

Table A-1 — Grouping system for steels (extract from CR ISO 15608:2000)

Group Sub group Type of steel 1 Steels with a specified minimum yield strength Rtn < 460 MPa a and with analysis in %: C < 0,25 Si <0,60 Mn < 1,70 Mo < 0,70b S < 0,045 P < 0,045 Cu < 0,40b Ni < 0,5b Cr < 0,3 (0,4 for castings)15 Nb < 0,05 V < 0,12b Ti < 0,05 1.1 Steels with a specified minimum yield strength ftcH < 275 MPa 1.2 Steels with a specified minimum yield strength 275 MPa <f?eH ^ 360 MPa 1.3 Normalised fine grain steels with a specified minimum yield strength rteII > 360 MPa 1.4 Steels with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance whose analysis may exceed the requirements for the single elements as indicated under 1 2 Thermomechanically treated fine grain steels and cast steels with a specified minimum yield strength Reii > 360 MPa 2.1 Thermomechanically treated fine grain steels and cast steels with a specified minimum yield strength 360 MPa <ReH < 460 MPa 2.2 ThermomechanicaHy traatad fina grain staais and cast staais with a spacifiad minimum yiaid strength ReH > 460 MPa 3 Quenched and tempered steels and precipitation hardened steels except stainless steels with a specified minimum yield strength i?eH > 360 MPa 3.1 Quenched and tempered steels with a specified minimum yield strength 360 MPa < i?eH < 690 MPa 3.2 Quenched and tempered steels with a specified minimum yield strength > 690 MPa 3.3 Precipitation hardened steels except stainless steels

12

Table A-1 (concluded)

Group Sub group Type of steel 4 Low vanadium alloyed Cr-Mo-(Ni) steels with Mo < 0,7 % and V < 0,1 % 4.1 Steels with Cr < 0,3 % and Ni < 0,7 % 4.2 Steels with Cr < 0,7 % and Ni < 1,5 % 5 Cr-Mo steels free of vanadium with C < 0,35 %c 5.1 Steels with 0,75 % < Cr < 1,5 % and Mo < 0,7 % 5.2 Steels with 1,5 % < Cr < 3,5 % and 0,7 < Mo < 1,2 % 5.3 Steels with 3,5 % < Cr < 7,0 % and 0,4 < Mo < 0,7 % 5.4 Steels with 7,0 % < Cr < 10 % and 0,7 < Mo < 1,2 % 6 High vanadium alloyed Cr-Mo-(Ni) steels 6.1 Steels with 0,3 % < Cr < 0,75 %, Mo < 0,7 % and V < 0,35 % 6.2 Steels with 0,75 % < Cr < 3,5 %, 0,7 % < Mo < 1,2 % and V < 0,35 % 6.3 Steels with 3,5 % < Cr < 7,0 %, Mo < 0,7 % and 0,45 % < V < 0,55 % 6.4 Steels with 7,0 % < Cr < 12,5 %, 0,7 % < Mo < 1,2 % and V < 0,35 % 7 Ferritic, martensitic or precipitation hardened stainless steels with C < 0,35 % and 10,5 % < Cr < 30 % 7.1 Ferritic stainless steels 7.2 Martensitic stainless steels 7.3 Precipitation hardened stainless steels 8 Austenitic steels 8.1 Austenitic stainless steels with Cr< 19 % 8.2 Austenitic stainless steels with Cr> 19 % 8.3 Manganese austenitic stainless steels with 4 % < Mn < 12 % 9 Nickel alloyed steels with Ni < 10 % 9.1 Nickel alloyed steels with Ni < 3 % 9.2 Nickel alloyed steels with 3 % < Ni < 8 % 9.3 Nickel alloyed steels with 8 % < Ni < 10 % 10 Austenitic ferritic stainless steels (duplex) 10.1 Austenitic ferritic stainless steels with Cr < 24 % 10.2 Austenitic ferritic stainless steels with Cr > 24 % a In accordance with the specification of the steel product standards, 7?eH may be replaced by ^p0,2 or^to.5- b A higher value is accepted provided that Cr + Mo + Ni + Си + V < 0,75 %. c "Free of vanadium' means not deliberately added to the material.

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

Annex В

(normative)

Requirements for prevention of brittle fracture at low temperatures

B.1 General

This annex distinguishes between pressure equipment that has design temperature for normal operation higher or lower than 50 °C.

For pressure equipment with normal operation temperatures higher than 50 °C B.5 applies. If B.5 is not applicable, the following rules for lower normal operation temperatures shall be used.

For pressure equipment with design temperature equal to or less than 50 °C this annex specifies three alternative methods for establishing criteria for the prevention of low temperature brittle fracture¹) of steels in the form of plate, strip, tubes, fittings, forgings, castings, flanges, fasteners and weldments used in pressure parts. The criteria are based on impact energy requirements at specified temperatures for the base material, heat affected zone (including the fusion line) and weld metals.

The three methods are:

Method 1 Code of Practice:

a)    Technical requirements based on the choice of T_R = T₂7j as specified in harmonised European Material Standards and on the assumption that it is possible to achieve these minimum properties after fabrication. Calculated from the principles of fracture mechanics used for method 2 for C and CMn steels with yield strength < 460 MPa and

b)    based on operating experience for Ni-alloyed steels with Ni > 3 % up to 9 %, for austenitic steels and for bolts and nuts.

Method 2 Method developed from the principles of fracture mechanics and from operating experiences:

A more flexible approach than method 1 for derivation of technical requirements applicable to C, CMn and low alloy ferritic steels with a specified minimum yield strength < 500 MPa and for austenitic-ferritic steels with a specified minimum yield strength < 550 MPa. This method can be applied for these steels to a wider range of thicknesses and temperatures than method 1 because T_R must not be equal to T₂7j (see Figures B.2-1 to B.2-11). In addition, for ferritic steels with max 355 MPa in PWHT condition operation experience was considered for higher thicknesses.

Method 3 The application of a fracture mechanics analysis. This general method is applicable to cases not covered by methods 1 or 2. This method may also be used to justify deviations from the requirements of method 1 or 2. Only general guidance is given on the use of this method which shall only be used in agreement with the parties concerned.

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

Each of the three methods may be used independently. It is only necessary to satisfy the requirement of any one method.

All applicable combinations of the temperatures T_M (minimum metal temperature) and T_s (temperature adjustment term) shall be considered and the lowest possible revalue (design reference temperature) shall be used for the determination of the required material impact test temperature.

NOTE For definitions of temperature terms see 3.1.1 to 3.1.4.

B.2 Material selection and impact energy requirements B.2.1 Introduction

The methods specified in B.2.2 (method 1) or B.2.3 (method 2) shall be used to determine the impact energy required to avoid brittle fracture. Alternatively, B.2.4 (method 3) may be used to determine the required toughness. The method used shall be fully documented, in order to ensure that compliance can be verified.

Reference thickness for constructional details is defined in Table B.4-1.

B.2.2 Method 1 B.2.2.1 General

Method 1 allows the selection of materials taken from harmonised European material standards with regard to prevention of brittle fracture. Tabie B.2-1 gives an overview to the foiiowing tabies by steei type and product form.

The weld metal, the heat affected zone and other parts affected by manufacturing processes shall satisfy the same impact energy requirements as the guaranteed minimum properties for the base material at T_R given in the tables.

The Table lists design reference temperatures for maximum thickness at given strength levels represented by steels from harmonised European material standards with guaranteed minimum strength and impact properties. Where it is not possible to achieve these minimum properties after fabrication, a tougher starting material shall be selected.

Table B.2-1 — Guide to material selection

Table Material or product form Steel group Clause B.2-2 Plates and strips Ferritic steels B.2.2.2 B.2-3 Seamless and welded pipes B.2-4 Bars B.2-5 Forgings B.2-6 Ni alloyed steels (1,5 < Ni <5 %) Ferritic steels B.2.2.3 B.2-7 Ni-alloyed steel (9 % Ni) B.2-8 Ferritic steels B.2.2.4 B.2-9 Bolts and nuts Austenitic steels B.2-10 B.2-11 Austenitic steel grades Austenitic steels B.2.2.5

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

NOTE Requirements for austenitic-ferritic steels are only given in B.2.3 (method 2).

Where test pieces of at least 5 mm wide can not be obtained the material need not be subject to impact testing.

Values of the design reference temperature 7'_к shall be calculated from the metal temperature 7'_VI using the values of the temperature adjustment 7_S given in Table B.2-12.

B.2.2.2 Ferritic steels

Tables B.2-2 to B.2-5 list ferritic steels taken from harmonised European material standards with specified impact properties below -10 °C.

The tabulated value of 7’_R is based on the impact test temperature 7’kv for AT = 27 J.

Table B.2-2 — General requirements for prevention of brittle fracture with reference thickness for plates and strips

Plates and Strips
No.	European	Grade	Material	Max. reference		Design	Material	Remarks
as per	Standard		No.	thickness		reference	group to
Table					ев	temperature	CR ISO
E.2-1				AW	PWHT	Tr CC)	15608:2000
1	EN 10028- 2:2003	P235GH	1.0345	35	90		1.1
2		P265GH	1.0425	35	75	20
3		P295GH	1.0481	35	65		1.2
4		P355GH	1.0473	35	55
29		P275NH	1.0487	35	75	-20
30		P275NL1	1.0488	35	75	-40	1.1
31	EN	P275NL2	1.1104	35	90	-50
32	10028-	P355N	1,0562	35	55	-20
33	3:2003	P355NH	1.0565	35	55	-20	1.2
34		P355NL1	1.0566	35	55	-40
35		P355NL2	1.1106	35	55	-50
39	EN	11MnNi5-3	1.6212	35	50	-60
40	10028-	13MnNi6-3	1.6217	35	50	-60	9.1
41	4:2003	15NiMn6	1.6228	35	50	-80
50		Р355И	1,8821	35	-	-20		a)
51	EN 10028-5:2003	P355ML1	1.8832	35	-	-40	1.2	a)
52		P355ML2	1,8833	35	-	-50		a)
53		P420M	1,8824	35	-	-20		aj
54		P420ML1	1.8835	35	-	-40	2.1	a)
55		P420ML2	1.8828	35	-	-50		a)
59	EN 10028-6:2003	P355Q	1.8866	35	60	-20
60		P355QH	1.8867	35	60	-20	1.2
61		P355QL1	1,8868	35	60	-40
62		P355QL2	1,8869	35	60	-60
a) TMCP steels shall not be Post Weld Heat Treated

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

Table B.2-3 — General requirements for prevention of brittle fracture with reference thickness for seamless and welded tubes

Seamless and welded tubes

No. as per Table E.2-1 European Standard Grade Material No. Max. re thick e AW ference ness 3 PWHT Design reference temperature 7r (°C) Material group to CR ISO 15608:2000 Remarks 231 EN 10216- 3:2002 P275NL1 1.0488 35 75 -40 1.1 232 P275NL2 1.1104 35 75 -50 233 P355N 1.0562 35 55 -20 1.2 234 P355NH 1.0565 35 55 -20 235 P355NL1 1.0566 35 55 -40 236 P355NL2 1.1106 35 55 -50 248 EN 10216- 4:2002 P215NL 1.0451 10 10 -40 1.1 aj 249 P255QL 1.0452 35 40 -50 250 P265NL 1.0453 25 25 -40 251 26CrMo4-2 1.7219 15 40 -60 5.1 252 11 MnNiS-3 1.6212 35 40 -60 9.1 253 13MnNi6-3 1.6217 35 40 -60 9.1 306 EN 10217- 3:2002 P275NL1 1.0488 35 40 -40 1.1 307 P275NL2 1.1104 35 40 -50 308 P355N 1.0562 35 40 -20 1.2 309 P355NH 1.0565 35 40 -20 310 P355NL1 1.0566 35 40 -40 311 P355NL2 1.1106 35 40 -50 316 EN 10217- 4:2002 P215NL 1.0451 10 10 -40 1.1 aj 317 P265NL 1.0453 16 16 -40 1.1 aj 321 EN 10217- 6:2002 P215NL 1.0451 10 10 -40 1.1 b) 322 P265NL 1.0453 25 25 -40 1.1 aj

31 Thickness limitation results from wall thickness limitation in the European material standard and in the European component standards respectively.

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

Введение

Настоящий стандарт содержит текст европейского стандарта EN 13445-2:2009 на языке оригинала и его перевод на русский язык (справочное приложение Д.А).

Введен в действие как стандарт, на который есть ссылка в Еврокоде EN 1993-1-8:2005.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ СТАНДАРТ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ

СОСУДЫ, РАБОТАЮЩИЕ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ Часть 2 Материалы

ПАСУД31НЫ, ПРАЦУЮЧЫЯ ПАД Ц1СКАМ Частка 2 Матэрыялы

Unfired pressure vessels Part 2 Materials

Дата введения 2010-01-01

СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

Table В.2-4 — General requirements for prevention of brittle fracture with reference thickness for bars

Bars
No.	European	Grade	Material	Max. reference		Design	Material	Remarks
as per	Standard		No.	thickness		reference	group to
Table						temperature	CR ISO
E.2-1				AW	PWHT	7rCC)	15608:2000
147	PM	P275NH	1.0487	35	75		1.1
148	10273:2007	P355NH	1.0565	35	55	-20	1.2
150		P355QH	1.8867	35	55		1.2

Table B.2-5 — General requirements for prevention of brittle fracture with reference thickness for forgings

Forgings
No.	European	Grade	Material	Max. ref..		Design	Material	Remarks
as per	Standard		No.	thickness		reference	group to
Table				tfii		temperature	CR ISO
E.2-1				AW	PWHT	ы°с>	15608:2000
367	EN 10222-	13MnNi6-3	1.6217	35	70	-60	9.1
369	3:1998	15NiMn6	1.6228	35	50	-80	9.1
378	EN 10222-	P285QH	1.0478	35	85	-20	1.2
380	4:1998	P355QH1	1.0571	35	60	-20	1.2
382		P420QH	1.8936	35	50	-20	3.1

B.2.2.3 Ni -alloyed steels (Ni > 1,5 %)

Table B.2-6 lists Ni alloyed steels up to and including 5 % Nickel taken from harmonised European material standards.

Table B.2-7 lists Ni alloyed steels with 9 % Nickel taken from harmonised European material standards.

The tabulated value of T_R is based on the impact test temperature V'kv for КГ = 27 J.

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

1 Scope

This Part of this European Standard specifies the requirements for materials (including clad materials) for unfired pressure vessels and supports which are covered by EN 13445-1:2009 and manufactured from metallic materials; it is currently limited to steels with sufficient ductility but it is, for components operating in the creep range, also limited to sufficiently creep ductile materials .

It specifies the requirements for the selection, inspection, testing and marking of metallic materials for the fabrication of unfired pressure vessels.

2 Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).

EN 764-1:2004, Pressure equipment— Terminology — Part 1: Pressure, temperature, volume, nominal size.

EN 764-2:2002, Pressure equipment— Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units.

EN 764-3:2002, Pressure equipment— Part 3: Definition of parties involved.

EN 1092-1:2007, Flanges and their joints — Circular flanges for pipes, valves, fittings and accessories, PN designated — Part 1: Steel flanges

EN 10002-1:2001, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature

EN 10028-2:2003, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties.

EN 10028-3:2003, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part3: Weldable fine grain steels, normalized.

EN 10028-4:2003, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 4: Nickel alloy steels with specified low temperature properties.

EN 10028-5:2003, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 5: Weldable fine grain steels, thermomechanicaiiy rolled.

EN 10028-6:2003, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 6: Weldable fine grain steels, quenched and tempered.

EN 10028-7:2007, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes — Part 7: Stainless steels.

EN 10045-1:1990, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method.

EN 10164:2004, Steel products with improved deformation properties perpendicular to the surface of the product — Technical delivery conditions.

EN 10204:2004, Metallic products— Types of inspection documents.

1

СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

EN 10216-3:2002, EN 10216-3:2002/A1:2004, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 3: Alloy fine grain steel tubes

EN 10216-4:2002, EN 10216-4:2002/A1:2004, Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 4: Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties.

EN 10217-3:2002, EN 10217-3:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 3: Alloy fine grain steel tubes.

EN 10217-4:2002, EN 10217-4:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 4: Electric welded non-alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties.

EN 10217-6:2002, EN 10217-6:2002/A1:2005, Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes — Technical delivery conditions — Part 6: Submerged arc welded non-alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties.

EN 10222-3:1998, Steel forgings for pressure purposes — Part3: Nickel steels with specified low temperature properties.

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steels with high proof strength.

EN 10269:1999, EN 10269:1999/A1:2006, Steels and nickel alloys for fasteners with specified elevated and/or low temperature properties.

EN 10273:2007, Hot rolled weldable steel bars for pressure purposes with specified elevated temperature properties.

EN 10291:2000, Metallic materials — Uniaxial creep testing in tension - Method of test.

EN 12074:2000, Welding consumables — Quality requirements for manufacture, supply and distribution of consumables for welding and allied processes.

EN 13445-1:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 1: General.

EN 13445-3:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part3: Design.

EN 13445-4:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication.

EN 13445-5:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 5: Inspection and testing.

EN 13479:2004, Welding consumables — General product standard for filler metals and fluxes for fusion welding of metallic materials.

EN 20898-2:1993, Mechanical properties of fasteners — Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values — Coarse thread (ISO 898-2:1992)

EN ISO 898-1:1999, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel — Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs (ISO 898-1:1999)

EN ISO 2566-1:1999, Steel— Conversion of elongation values — Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steels (ISO 2566-1:1984).

EN ISO 2566-2:1999, Steel— Conversion of elongation values — Part 2: Austenitic steels (ISO 2566-2:1984).

EN ISO 3506-1:1997, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless-steel fasteners — Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs (ISO 3506- 1:1997)

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

EN ISO 3506-2:1997, Mechanical properties of corrosion-resistant stainless-steel fasteners — Part 2: Nuts (ISO 3506-2:1997)

CR ISO 15608:2000, Welding — Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system (ISO/TR 15608:2000).

3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units

3.1    Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 13445-1:2009, EN 764-1:2004, EN 764-3:2002 and the following terms and definitions shall apply.

3.1.1

minimum metal temperature 7m

the lowest temperature determined for any of the following conditions (also see 3.1.2, 3.1.3):

—    normal operations;

—    start up and shut down procedures;

—    possible process upsets, such as flashings of fluid, which have an atmospheric boiling point below 0 °C;

—    during pressure or leak testing.

3.1.2

temperature adjustment term T_s

relevant to the calculation of the design reference temperature T_R and is dependent on the calculated tensile membrane stress at the appropriate minimum metal temperature

NOTE 1 Values for T_s are given in Table B.2-12.

NOTE 2 For tensile membrane stress reference is made to EN 13445-3:2009, Annex C.

3.1.3

design reference temperature T_R

the temperature used for determining the impact energy requirements and is determined by adding the temperature adjustment T_s to the minimum metal temperature 7m-

T_R - T_M + T_s

3.1.4

impact test temperature Tkv

the temperature at which the required impact energy has to be achieved (see clause B.2).

3.1.5

impact energy KV

the energy absorbed by a sample of material when subjected to a Charpy-V-notch test in accordance with EN 10045-1:1990

3.1.6

reference thickness e_D

thickness of a component to be used to relate the design reference temperature T_R of the component with its required impact test temperature T_KV , (see Tables B.2-2 to B.2-7 and Figures B.2-1 to B.2-11). For unwelded parts the reference thickness e_B is equal to the nominal wall thickness (including corrosion allowance). For welded parts the reference thickness is defined in Table B.4-1.

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СТБ EN 13445-2-2009

3.1.7

weld creep strength reduction factor (WCSRF)

factor to account for creep strength reduction at the weldment

3.2 Symbols and units

For the purpose of this part, the symbols and units of EN 764-2:2002 apply together with those given in Table 3.2-1 and Table 3.2-2.

Table 3.2-1 — Quantities for space and time

Quantity Symbol Unit time t s, min, h, d, a frequency f Hz dimension any Latin letter a mm length i mm thickness e mm corrosion allowance c mm diameter d, D mm radius r, R mm area A, S mm2 volume, capacity V mm3 ь, c weight W N, kN density P kg/m m3d second moment of area I mm4 section modulus Z mm3 acceieration V m/s2 plane angle any Greek letter a rad, ° a Symbols may use any lower-case letter, except for those defined elsewhere in this table. b Volume may also be given in m3 or L. 0 Litre "L" is a non-SI unit which may be used with SI units and their multiples. d Density may also be given in kg/m3.

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Table 3.2-2 — Mechanical quantities

Quantity a Symbol b Unit force F N moment M Nmm pressure p, P bar °, MPa Temperature T °C linear expansion coefficient a p.m/m°C normal stress a MPa shear stress T MPa nominal design stress f MPa tensile strength Rm MPa ultimate tensile strength at temperature T RmfT MPa yield strength Re MPa yield strength at temperature T RefT MPa upper yield strength rqR MPa 1 % proof strength Rpl,0 MPa 0,2 % proof strength RpO,2 MPa 0,2 % proof strength at temperature T Rp0,2/T MPa modulus of elasticity E MPa shear modulus G MPa Poisson's ratio u - strain s % elongation after fracture A % impact energy KV J hardness HB, HV - Joint coefficient z - safety factor s - Mean 1 % creep strain limit at calculation temperature T and lifetime t Rpl,0/T/t MPa Mean creep rupture strength at calculation temperature T and lifetime t Rm/T/l MPa Weld creep strength reduction factor zc - a Quantities without a temperature index normally refer to room temperature. b Some of these symbols, such as R, f, are not part of ISO 31. c "bar" is a non-SI unit which may be used with SI units and their multiples. The unit bar shall be used on nameplates, certificates, drawings, pressure gauges and instrumentation and is always used as a gauge pressure. This is in line with the requirements of the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC.

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4 Requirements for materials to be used for pressure-bearing parts

4.1    General

4.1.1    Materials to be used for pressure-bearing parts shall meet the general requirements of 4.1 and the special provisions of 4.2, if applicable. Materials for pressure bearing parts shall be ordered complying with the technical delivery conditions in 4.3.

Marking of materials for pressure-bearing parts shall be performed in accordance with 4.4.

Materials shall be selected to be compatible with anticipated fabrication steps and to be suitable for the internal fluid and external environment. Both normal operating conditions and transient conditions occurring during fabrication transport, testing and operation shall be taken into account when specifying the materials.

NOTE 1 The requirements of 4.1 and 4.2 should also be fulfilled when technical delivery conditions are developed for European material standards, European approval of materials or particular material appraisals.

NOTE 2 When technical delivery conditions for pressure-bearing parts are developed, the structure and requirements of EN 764-4:2002 should be met. Exceptions should be technically justified.

The materials shall be grouped in accordance with CR ISO 15608:2000 to relate manufacturing and inspection requirements to generic material types.

NOTE 3 Materials have been allocated into these groups in accordance with their chemical composition and properties in view of manufacture and heat treatment after welding.

4.1.2    Materials for pressure-bearing parts compliant with the requirements of this European Standard shall be accompanied by inspection documents in accordance with EN 10204:2004. Certificate of specific control (3.1 or 3.2 certificate) shall be required for all steels if Design by Analysis - Direct Route according to Annex В of EN 13445-3:2009 is used.

NOTE The type of inspection document should be in accordance with EN 764-5:2002 and include a declaration of compliance to the material specification.

4.1.3    The materials shall be free from surface and internal defects which can impair their intended usability.

4.1.4    Steels shall have a specified minimum elongation after fracture measured on a gauge length

L₀ = 5,65 7^    (4.1-1)

where

S₀ is the original cross sectional area within the gauge length.

The minimum elongation after fracture in any direction shall be > 14 %;

However, lower elongation values may also be applied (e.g. for fasteners or castings), provided that appropriate measures are taken to compensate for these lower values and the specific requirements are verifiable.

NOTE Examples for compensation:

—    application of higher safety factors in design;

—    performance of burst tests to demonstrate ductile material behaviour.

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4.1.5    When measured on a gauge length other than that stated in 4.1.4, the minimum elongation after fracture shall be determined by converting the elongation given in 4.1.4 in accordance with

—    EN ISO 2566-1:1999 for carbon and low alloy steels;

—    EN ISO 2566-2:1999 for austenitic steels.

4.1.6    Steels shall have a specified minimum impact energy measured on a Charpy-V-notch impact test specimen (EN 10045-1:1990) as follows:

—    > 27 J for ferritic and 1,5 % to 5 % Ni alloy steels;

—    > 40 J for steels of material group 8, 9.3 and 10

at a test temperature in accordance with Annex B, but not higher than 20 °C. The other requirements of Annex В shall also apply.

4.1.7    The chemical composition of steels intended for welding or forming shall not exceed the values in Table 4.1-1. Line 2 of the table refers to vessels or parts designed using Design by Analysis - Direct Route according to Annex В ofEN 13445-3:2009. Exceptions shall be technically justified.

Table 4.1-1 — Maximum carbon-, phosphorus- and sulphur contents for steels intended for welding or forming

Steel group (according to Table A-1) Maxi % C mum content of cast ans % P lysis % S Steels (1 to 6 and 9) 0,23® 0,035 0,025 Steels (1 to 6 and 9) when DBA - Direct Route is used c 0,20 0,025 0,015 Ferritic stainless steels (7.1) 0,08 0,040 0,015 Martensitic stainless steels (7.2) 0,06 0,040 0,015 Austenitic stainless steels (8.1) 0,08 0,045 0,015b Austenitic stainless steels (8.2) 0,10 0,035 0,015 Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels (10) 0,030 0,035 0,015 a Maximum content of product analysis 0,25 %. b For products to be machined a controlled sulphur content of 0,015 % to 0,030 % is permitted by agreement provided the resistance to corrosion is satisfied for the intended purpose. 0 In addition the ratio on thickness reduction (ratio of initial thickness of slab/ingot to the thickness of the final plate) shall be equal or greater than: —    4 for NL2 steels and steels of material group 9; —    3 for other materials.

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